A DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) scan, also known as a DXA scan, is a highly specialised, low-dose X-ray used to measure bone mineral density. It is the medical gold standard for diagnosing osteopenia (low bone mass) and osteoporosis (brittle bones), helping doctors assess your risk of future fractures.
Who should get a DEXA scan?
Bone density naturally decreases as we age, particularly in women after menopause due to dropping oestrogen levels. You should consider a DEXA scan if you:
Risk factors for osteoporosis:
- Are a woman aged 50 or over, particularly post-menopausal
- Have a family history of osteoporosis or hip fractures
- Have broken a bone after a minor fall (a fragility fracture)
- Have taken oral corticosteroids (like prednisolone) for over 3 months
- Have an eating disorder, very low BMI, or early menopause
What happens during the scan?
A DEXA scan is incredibly simple and completely painless. You remain fully clothed (avoid clothes with metal zips or buttons). You lie flat on a padded table while the scanner arm passes over your body, typically focusing on your lower spine and your hip, as these are the areas most prone to osteoporotic fractures. The scan takes about 10 to 15 minutes.
DEXA for Body Composition
While primarily used for bone health, DEXA is also the most accurate way to measure body composition. It can precisely map fat mass, lean muscle mass, and visceral fat (the dangerous fat around your organs). Many elite athletes and fitness enthusiasts book private DEXA scans to track their training progress accurately.
